TRONA,TRISODIUM
HYDROGENDICARBONATE DIHYDRATE OR SODIUM
SESQUICARBONATE DIHYDRATE[ Na3(CO3)(HCO3)•2H2O)]
Listing
Description:
Trona (trisodium
hydrogendicarbonate dihydrate also sodium
sesquicarbonate dihydrate, Na3(CO3)(HCO3)•2H2O)
is a non-marineevaporite mineral. It
is mined as the primary source of sodium carbonate in the United States, where it has
replaced the Solvay process used in most of the rest of the world
for sodium carbonate production.
Detailed Description:
Natural
deposits
Trona is found at Owens Lake and Searles Lake, California;
the Green River Formation of Wyoming and Utah; the Makgadikgadi
Pans in Botswana and in the Nile Valley in Egypt.[5]The
trona near Green River, Wyoming, is the largest known
deposit in the world and lies in layered evaporite deposits
from 800 to 1,600 feet (240 to 490 m) below ground, where the trona was
deposited in a lake during the Paleogene Period.[6] Trona
has also been mined at Lake Magadi in the Kenyan Rift Valley for nearly 100 years.
The northern part of Lake Natron is covered by a 1.5 m thick trona bed,[7] and
occurs in 'salt' pans in the Etosha National Park in Namibia.[8] The Beypazari region
in the Ankara Province of Turkey has
some 33 trona beds in two fault-bound
lensoid bodies in and above oil shales of
the Lower Hirka Formation (16 in the lower and 17 in the upper body).[9] The
Wucheng basin trona mine, Henan Province China has some 36
trona beds (693–974 m deep), the lower 15 beds are 0.5–1.5 m thick,
thickest 2.38 m; the upper 21 beds are 1–3 m thick, with a maximum of
4.56 m hosted and underlain by dolomitic oil
shales of the Wulidui Formation.[10]
Trona has also been found in magmatic environments.[11] Research
has shown that trona can be formed by autometasomatic reactions
of late-magmatic fluids or melts (or supercritical fluid-melt mixtures), with
earlier crystallized rocks within the same plutonic complex,
or by large-scale vapor unmixing in the very final stages of magmatism.[11]
Crystal
structure
The crystal
structure of trona was first determined by Brown et al. (1949).[12] The
structure consists of units of 3 edge-sharing sodium polyhedra (a central
octahedron flanked by septahedra), cross-linked by carbonate groups and hydrogen bonds.
Bacon and Curry (1956)[13] refined
the structure determination using two-dimensional single-crystal neutron diffraction, and suggested that the
hydrogen atom in the symmetric (HC2O6)3− anion
is disordered. The environment of the disordered H atom was later investigated
by Choi and Mighell (1982)[14] at
300 K with three-dimensional single-crystal neutron diffraction: they
concluded that the H atom is dynamically disordered between two equivalent
sites, separated from one another by 0.211(9) Å. The dynamically
disordered H atom was reinvestigated at low temperature by O'Bannon et al.
2014 [15] and
they concluded that it does not order at temperatures as low as 100K.
Uses of trona
·
Trona
is a common source of soda ash, which is a significant economic commodity because of
its applications in manufacturing glass, chemicals, paper, detergents, and
textiles.
·
It
is used to condition water.
·
It
is used to remove sulfur from both flue gases and lignite coals.[16][17]
·
It
is a product of carbon sequestration of flue gases.[18]
·
It
is also used as a food additive.
PRICE
$2.42/KG OR $1.10/IB
For more information:
mobile: +2348039721941
contact person: emeaba uche
e-mail: emeabau@yahoo.com
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